VO2 Max
Also known as: Maximal Oxygen Uptake, Aerobic Capacity
The maximum rate of oxygen consumption during intense exercise, a gold-standard measure of cardiovascular fitness.
FULL EXPLANATION
VO2 max represents the maximum amount of oxygen your body can use during intense exercise, measured in milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute (mL/kg/min). It reflects the combined efficiency of your heart, lungs, and muscles to transport and utilize oxygen.
VO2 max is considered the best indicator of cardiovascular fitness and aerobic endurance capacity. It's determined by factors including heart size and output, lung capacity, and muscle oxygen extraction ability.
WHY IT MATTERS
VO2 max is one of the strongest predictors of all-cause mortality and healthspan. Research shows that improving VO2 max from \"below average\" to \"above average\" can reduce mortality risk by 50% or more.
HOW TO IMPROVE
Improve VO2 max through high-intensity interval training (HIIT), zone 2 cardio training, and consistent aerobic exercise. Progressive overload and varied training intensities are key.
NORMAL RANGES
Average adults: 35-40 mL/kg/min (men), 27-35 mL/kg/min (women). Elite athletes: 70-85 mL/kg/min (men), 60-75 mL/kg/min (women). Values decline with age.
RELATED TERMS
Stroke Volume
The amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle with each heartbeat.
Zone 2 Training
Low to moderate intensity cardio training that maximizes fat oxidation and builds aerobic base without accumulating significant fatigue.
Lactate Threshold
The exercise intensity at which lactate accumulates in the blood faster than it can be cleared, marking the transition from sustainable to unsustainable effort.
Heart Rate Variability
The variation in time between consecutive heartbeats, a key indicator of autonomic nervous system function and overall health.
More in Cardiovascular Health
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Well-EstablishedThe force of blood pushing against artery walls, measured as systolic (heart pumping) over diastolic (heart resting) pressure.
Resting Heart Rate
Well-EstablishedThe number of heartbeats per minute while at complete rest, typically measured upon waking.
Stroke Volume
Well-EstablishedThe amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle with each heartbeat.