NAD+
Also known as: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, Coenzyme NAD
A coenzyme essential for cellular energy production that declines with age, involved in DNA repair and longevity pathways.
FULL EXPLANATION
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a coenzyme present in all living cells that plays crucial roles in energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cell signaling. It's essential for mitochondrial function and acts as a substrate for longevity-related enzymes called sirtuins.
NAD+ levels decline significantly with age, potentially contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage accumulation, and cellular aging. Boosting NAD+ through precursors is an active area of longevity research.
WHY IT MATTERS
NAD+ decline may be a key driver of aging. Restoring NAD+ levels has shown promise for improving mitochondrial function, metabolism, and potentially lifespan.
HOW TO IMPROVE
Support NAD+ through precursor supplementation (NMN, NR), exercise, fasting, limiting alcohol, and consuming NAD+ precursors in foods (dairy, meat, mushrooms).
NORMAL RANGES
NAD+ testing is not yet standard clinical practice. Research shows levels decline 50% or more between ages 40 and 60.
RELATED TERMS
Telomeres
Protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division, serving as a marker of biological aging.
mTOR
A cellular signaling pathway that regulates growth and metabolism, with implications for aging and disease.
Senescent Cells
Cells that have stopped dividing but remain metabolically active, secreting inflammatory factors that contribute to aging.
Autophagy
A cellular process where damaged components are recycled, playing a key role in cellular health and longevity.
More in Longevity & Aging
View all →Telomeres
Emerging ResearchProtective caps at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division, serving as a marker of biological aging.
mTOR
Emerging ResearchA cellular signaling pathway that regulates growth and metabolism, with implications for aging and disease.
Senescent Cells
Emerging ResearchCells that have stopped dividing but remain metabolically active, secreting inflammatory factors that contribute to aging.